Narrative Structure

Narrative chain of cause and effect- the plotlines in a story that are triggered by action and enigma codes (something that happens that causes something else to happen). Below is the two theories by Propp and Todorov that show the two typical structures to storylines in films and television.

Propp                          Todorov

1) Preparation                            1)Equilibrium

2) Complication                            2)Disruption

3) Transference                  3)Recognition of Disruption

4) Struggle                       4) Attempt to repair disruption

5) Return               5) A return or restoration of NEW equilibrium

6) Recognition

Below is Propp's theory of the typical seven character types seen in most forms of narrative media.

Hero, Villain, Helper, Mentor, Blocker, Prize, Dispatcher.

Narrative Codes

Enigma codes- Limit audienece information, gives them a puzzle to be solved.

Purpose- Engages audience attention, maintains curiosity and interest.

Action Codes- Often more tthe narrative on and signal that change to the audience.

Narrative Themes

Social issues which are explored within the media text e.g. family values, social class, sexuality and racial issues.

Narrative themes tend to be explored by the crime drama be more simplistic and encoded with the entertainment values.